Except as provided in divisions (G) and (H) of this section, immediately upon the salesperson's leaving the association or termination of the association of a real estate salesperson with the broker, the broker shall return the salesperson's license to the superintendent of real estate. However, the only official publication of the enactments of the General Assembly is the Laws of Ohio; the Ohio Revised Code is only a reference.. (5) Appoint a hearing examiner for any proceeding involving disciplinary action under section 3123.47, 4735.052, or 4735.18 of the Revised Code; (6) Administer the real estate recovery fund. (H) "Dual agency relationship" means any of the dual agency relationships set forth in section 4735.70 of the Revised Code. (2) If any licensee is cited three times within twelve consecutive months, the superintendent shall initiate disciplinary action pursuant to section 4735.051 of the Revised Code for any subsequent violation that occurs within the same twelve-month period. The notice of intention shall be on a form prescribed by the superintendent and shall be accompanied by a fee of thirty-four dollars. (A) The types of agency relationships a licensee may establish in a real estate transaction are limited to the following: (1) An agency relationship between the licensee and the seller; (2) An agency relationship between the licensee and the purchaser; (3) A dual agency relationship between the licensee and both the seller and the purchaser; (4) A subagency relationship between the licensee and the client of another licensee. If a check or other draft instrument used to pay any fee required under this chapter is returned to the superintendent unpaid by the financial institution upon which it is drawn for any reason, the superintendent shall notify the entity or person that the check or other draft instrument was returned for insufficient funds. (A)(1) No person, other than an actual bona fide owner selling for the owner's own account in a single transaction and not by way of repeated or successive transactions, or a person excepted from obtaining a license under section 4735.01 of the Revised Code, shall sell, lease, or otherwise deal in this state in any foreign real estate unless the person has qualified the foreign real estate pursuant to this section and unless one of the following applies: (a) The person was licensed under section 1707.15 or 1707.16 prior to October 14, 1969; (b) The person was licensed as a foreign real estate dealer or salesperson under former section 1707.331 of the Revised Code prior to the effective date of this section, but only until the expiration date of the license; (c) The person is licensed under section 4735.27 or 4735.28 of the Revised Code. A fee of one hundred thirty-five dollars shall be charged by the superintendent for each successive application made by an applicant. (B) A licensee, at any time during which a license has been suspended pursuant to division (G) of section 4735.07, division ( J) of section 4735.09, division (E) of section 4735.12, division (C) of section 4735.14, division (C) of section 4735.141, or section 4735.182 of the Revised Code, may apply to the superintendent on a form prescribed by the superintendent to permanently resign the licensee's license voluntarily. (B) No applicant for a real estate broker's license shall take the broker's examination who has not established to the satisfaction of the superintendent that the applicant: (2)(a) Has not been convicted of a disqualifying offense as determined in accordance with section 9.79 of the Revised Code; (b) Has not been finally adjudged by a court to have violated any municipal, state, or federal civil rights laws relevant to the protection of purchasers or sellers of real estate or, if the applicant has been so adjudged, at least two years have passed since the court decision and the superintendent has disregarded the adjudication because the applicant has proven, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the applicant's activities and employment record since the adjudication show that the applicant is honest and truthful, and there is no basis in fact for believing that the applicant will again violate the laws involved. (F) Nothing in this section shall be considered prima facie evidence of whether an affiliated licensee is an independent contractor or an employee of the brokerage. In addition to the powers granted to the commission and superintendent under this section, in case any person fails to file any statement or report, obey any subpoena, give testimony, answer questions, or produce any books, records, or papers as required by the commission or superintendent under this chapter, the court of common pleas of any county in the state, upon application made to it by the commission or superintendent setting forth such failure, may make an order awarding process of subpoena or subpoena duces tecum for the person to appear and testify before the commission or superintendent, and may order any person to give testimony and answer questions, and to produce books, records, or papers, as required by the commission or superintendent. Any license so deposited with the superintendent shall be subject to this chapter. The commission shall hear the testimony of either the complainant or the licensee at the meeting upon the request of the complainant or licensee. (A) An application to act as a foreign real estate salesperson shall be in writing and filed with the superintendent of real estate. (I) The superintendent shall collect from the fund a service fee in an amount equivalent to the interest rate specified in division (A) of section 1343.03 of the Revised Code multiplied by the annual interest earned on the assets of the fund, to defray the expenses incurred in the administration of the fund. The licensee shall deliver the statement signed by the purchaser to the seller's agent, or to the seller if the seller is not represented by an agent. (E) The superintendent may waive one or more of the requirements of this section in the case of an application from a nonresident real estate broker pursuant to a reciprocity agreement with the licensing authority of the state from which the nonresident applicant holds a valid real estate broker license. (D) Upon filing the application, the applicant shall pay to the superintendent a filing fee of five hundred dollars plus an additional one dollar for each lot, unit, parcel, or interest included in the offering, with the aggregate fee not to exceed two thousand five hundred dollars, and shall deposit with the superintendent a sum the superintendent may require for the purpose of defraying the cost of verifying the statements of the applicant, or for the purpose of determining that the provisions of this chapter have been and will be complied with and that the foreign real estate will not be sold, leased, or dealt in within this state on grossly unfair terms, or in a method or on terms that might defraud or deceive purchasers in this state. A duplicate copy of any process or pleading served on the superintendent shall be immediately forwarded by certified mail to the main office of the licensee against which that process or pleading is directed. Encroachment is the act of either building a new structure or extending an existing structure onto somebody else's property without their consent. (2) Within the scope of knowledge required for licensure, answer the purchaser's questions and provide information to the purchaser regarding any offers or counteroffers; (3) Assist the purchaser in developing, communicating, and presenting offers or counteroffers; (4) Present any offer to purchase or lease to the seller or the seller's agent in a timely manner, even if the property is subject to a contract of sale, lease, or letter of intent to lease, and accept delivery of and present any counteroffers to the purchaser in a timely manner; (5) Within the scope of knowledge required for licensure, answer the purchaser's questions regarding the steps the purchaser must take to fulfill the terms of any contract. The superintendent may accept an application for renewal less than fifteen days before the expiration of any calendar year. For other Nolo articles on neighbor disputes involving adverse possessions and easements, see Adverse Possession: When Trespassers Become Property Owners and Easements: Overview. (A) "Real estate broker" includes any person, partnership, association, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, or corporation, foreign or domestic, who for another, whether pursuant to a power of attorney or otherwise, and who for a fee, commission, or other valuable consideration, or with the intention, or in the expectation, or upon the promise of receiving or collecting a fee, commission, or other valuable consideration does any of the following: (1) Sells, exchanges, purchases, rents, or leases, or negotiates the sale, exchange, purchase, rental, or leasing of any real estate; (2) Offers, attempts, or agrees to negotiate the sale, exchange, purchase, rental, or leasing of any real estate; (3) Lists, or offers, attempts, or agrees to list, or auctions, or offers, attempts, or agrees to auction, any real estate; (4) Buys or offers to buy, sells or offers to sell, or otherwise deals in options on real estate; (5) Operates, manages, or rents, or offers or attempts to operate, manage, or rent, other than as custodian, caretaker, or janitor, any building or portions of buildings to the public as tenants; (6) Advertises or holds self out as engaged in the business of selling, exchanging, purchasing, renting, or leasing real estate; (7) Directs or assists in the procuring of prospects or the negotiation of any transaction, other than mortgage financing, which does or is calculated to result in the sale, exchange, leasing, or renting of any real estate; (8) Is engaged in the business of charging an advance fee or contracting for collection of a fee in connection with any contract whereby the broker undertakes primarily to promote the sale, exchange, purchase, rental, or leasing of real estate through its listing in a publication issued primarily for such purpose, or for referral of information concerning such real estate to brokers, or both, except that this division does not apply to a publisher of listings or compilations of sales of real estate by their owners; (9) Collects rental information for purposes of referring prospective tenants to rental units or locations of such units and charges the prospective tenants a fee. 2008-Ohio-3820) that subjective intent of one party to acquire property of another is not required to prevail on an adverse possession claim; rather, the claimant must show by clear and convincing evidence that he possessed the disputed property and treated it as his own for a period of 21 years. Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed as authorizing a real estate broker or salesperson to perform any service constituting the practice of law. (D) A real estate broker or salesperson obtaining the signature of a party to a listing or other agreement involved in a real estate transaction shall furnish a copy of the listing or other agreement to the party immediately after obtaining the party's signature. An application for such transfer shall be made to the superintendent of real estate on forms provided by the superintendent. of the Ohio Revised Code to which we refer in our explanations. (C) The superintendent may do all of the following: (1) In connection with investigations and audits under division (B) of this section, subpoena witnesses as provided in section 4735.04 of the Revised Code; (2) Apply to the appropriate court to enjoin any violation of this chapter. (A) Except as otherwise provided in this division and in section 4735.13 of the Revised Code and except for a licensee who has placed the licensee's license in resigned status pursuant to section 4735.142 of the Revised Code, each person licensed under section 4735.07 or 4735.09 of the Revised Code shall submit proof satisfactory to the superintendent of real estate that the licensee has satisfactorily completed thirty hours of continuing education, as prescribed by the Ohio real estate commission pursuant to section 4735.10 of the Revised Code, on or before the licensee's birthday occurring three years after the licensee's date of initial licensure, and on or before the licensee's birthday every three years thereafter.

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